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贵州药用植物资源的调查和开发利用研究(续完)
Objective: To gain a clear idea of the resources of medicinal plants and their pharmaceutical identification in Guizhou , China, and to conserve, develop,and uilize them effectively.Method: Investigation on the spot with a statistical analysis. The technical route is“ Investigation and identification →Conservation and development →Method, technology and ways for protection, propagation and utilization →GAP cultivated pilot and assessment of medicinal materials and their products →Comprehensive evaluation and results". Result: According to the incomplete statistics, there are 3924 varieties of medicinal materials from plants, accounting for 91.47% of the total in Guizhou. Among them there are 275 families, 1384 genera and 2987 species of vascular bundle plants, accounting for 43.1% of all species. There are 200 species of pteridophyta and 2802 spermatophyta. Conclusion: Investigation of wild medicine species has been proceeded, as well as introduction and research of their propagation techniques and production. Guizhou is rich in medicinal plant resources. However, their species and population are reducing progressively. Effective measures must be taken to protect the germ plasma resources and put them into rational uses for the utilization and sustainable development. Rare and endemic medicine species must be introduced for conservation, propagation and realization of GAP pilot cultivation. Resources must be used in an economical way and products must be made with a high technological content.
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康复期癌症人的心理问题探讨
Background: The mental problems of the patients with malignant tumor are complex, and it is very important for rehabilitation of the patients to find the most common and prominent mental problems and perform effective mental care. Objective: To discuss the mental problems of the patients with malignant tumor in the recovery stage. Unit: the tumor department of Hospital of Heze City in Shandong Province. Subject: All cases in the research came from the patients with malignant tumor in our hospital durng the period of 1998～ 2000. We selected 100 cases who have reached fully clinical recovery or turned better and could take care of oneself by systemic therapy. In the group, there were 61 males and 39 females; 30 patients in 40～ 55 years old, 70 in 56～ 65; 39 cases who were illiterate, 36 who only accepted primary school education, 21 who accepted middle school education, 4 who reached the degree of university education; 63 farmers, 28 workers, 4 cadres, and 5 individual businessman. Intervention: During the days before leaving hospital, record the mental problems worried most of the patients by responsibility nurse' survey. In the course, only record whether there were the problems or not and the content of the problems, but never determine the degree of the problems. Result:(1) The problems most worried by 27 patients were there were no effective therapeutic methods (27％ ); (2) The problems most worried by 21 patients were the life would be terminal (21％ ); (3) The problems most worried by 12 patients were short of family income, decrease of labor ability and arrangement of the children (12％ ); (4) The problems most worried by 6 patients were unhappy relationship between man and wife (6％ ); (5) The problems most worried by 15 patients were parents or children would be encumbered (15％ ); (6) The problems most worried by 9 patients were radiological or chemical therapy would not be performed regularly (9％ ); (7) There were 10 patients who had no the special problems most worried (10％ ). By statistical analysis, there was obvious difference in sex between (2) and (3) (P< 0.01). The female worried (2) problems were more than the male, while the male worried (3) problems were more than the female. In addition by statistical disposal, we found the problems most worried were relative with sex,age,educational degree,job of the patients (P >0.05); and obviously relative with the progressive degree of tumor (P< 0.01), because the mental problems of the patients with early stage tumor were less than the patients with late stage tumor obviously. Conclusion: The mental problems of the patients with malignant tumor in the recovery stage should be paid attention to, and it's significant for rehabilitation of the patients to apply effective mental care.
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干预高血压、高血脂、高黏滞血症对心脑血管疾患发生率的影响
Background:According to American Heart Association's report,death composition of cerebrovascular and cerebrovascular disease was increased to 29％ in 1996,and now 33％ from 25％ in 1992.Now,atherosclerosis seriously endanger human's health.Hypertension,hyperlipemia and hyperviscosity syndrome are main risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.There conditions often existed simultaneously in elders.Intervention to these diseases can prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events,which is feasible. Objective:To investigate impact of hypertension,hyperlipemia and hyperviscosity syndrome on incidence of cardiovascular and cereborvascular events. Design:Random,controlled study. Unit:Department of Senile Diseases, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong. Subjects:In study group, 52 senile subjects with complete hospitalizing data were recruited from 1995～ 2000.Patients with hypertension,hyperlipemia ,hyperviscosity syndrome were included in the current study.13 subjects asked medical help due to hypertension,25 due to hyperlipemia and 14 due to hyperviscosity syndrome.Sometimes blood pressure of hypertension patients was 140～ 160/90～ 100 mmHg.Patients' mean age was 65.21.Ratio of male to female was 13:1.In control group,50 outpatients were included who had similar diseases those in study group.Mean age was 62.34 and ratio of male to female was 17.33:1. Intervention:In study group,calcium antagonist such as adalatcc, nitrendipine, plendil and/or ASCE inhibitor such as perindopril and captopril were given o.s.Blood pressure was con trolled to normal level.Blood lipid regulating drugs such as pravastatin, ticlopidine,and lipanthy were given for hyperlipemia patients.For patients with hyperviscosity syndrome,enteral aspirin or persantine was given,50～ 75 mg/day.Interval of drugs was 1 day to 2 months.Detailed data was unavailable.Red sage root or its compound form injecto was given i.v.,70 mg/day,pueraria root was given i.v.300～ 500 mg/day;astraglaus root was given 20～ 214 g/day,ginkgo leaf,70 mg/day.10～ 15 days was a disease course.Drugs were given for once in 17 subjects and twice 35 subjects.No subjects received 3 times of therapy.In control group,patients received no described treatment during 5 years.Outpatients' medical records as well as discharge record for inpatients were read to study conditions during five 5 years retrospectively. Main prognosis indexes:Collection point for statistical analysis was determined as begging phase of obervation and end point after 5 years.Cardiovascular events such as heart infarction,cerebrovascular disease such as cerebral infarction,cerebral hemorrhage and TIA were evaluated. Result: Incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events was markedly lower in study group compared with that in control group.In study group,2 subjects developed acute heart infarction(3.84％ ),11 subejcts developed heart infarction in control group(22.00％ )(P< 0.01).Ischemic cerebrovascular disease occurred in 1 subject(1.92％ ) in study group and 7 in control group(14.00％ ).Amount of cerebral hemorrhage showed no significant decrease in 1 subject (1.92％ )in study group and 3 subjects in control group(6.00％ )(P >0.05). Conclusion:Risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in elders should be actively intervened to reduce development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.
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多伴有神经性耳聋的中国人线粒体基因突变 糖尿病特点分析
Objective To detect mitochondrial gene 3243 A to 1507 Chinese and analyze their clinical characteristics.Methods Classical PCR－ RFLP was used to detect the mutation and statistical analysis was performed on the data after stratification in accordance with presence or absence of diabetes.Results (1)In this study,prevalence of mitochondrial gene 3243 A to G mutation was 1.16～ 1.20％ .(2)Compared with MDM(mitochondrial diabetes),M－ NGT(normal glucose to lerance with mutation)showed no significant difference in body fat parameters,blood lipid and C－ peptide except for early onset and hearing loss(P=0.0028).(3)Compared with type 2 DM,MDM presented characteristics of early onset,weight loss,hearing loss,islet cell function decrease and maternal hereditary.Conclusion Follow－ up should be given to the carrying the mitochondrial gene 3243 A to G mutation but presenting generally normal clinical manifestation in order to give the patient in－ time diagnosis and treatment.
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儿童孤独症谱系障碍胃肠道细菌学研究的系统综述
背景：有报道指出，孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患儿的胃肠道(GI)症状发生率较高。然而，有关ASD患儿胃肠道微生物的研究结果不尽一致。
目的：系统复习相关研究结果，分析ASD患儿各种胃肠道微生物的分布特征。
方法：检索PubMed、Embase、PsycINFO、ISIwebofknowledge、Ovid/Medline、CochraneLibrary、中国知识资源总库、中国科技期刊数据库、万方数据检索系统，以及中国生物医学文摘数据库，收集有关ASD患者胃肠道微生物的文献，按照预先制定的纳入及排除标准筛选相关研究。采用Reviewmanger5.2.6软件进行统计分析。
结果：终共纳入15项小样本横断面研究，其中1项来自于中国。在15项研究中，11项研究（合并样本为562例）报道ASD患儿组与对照组的胃肠道细菌患病率有显著性差异，尤其是厚壁菌，类杆菌和变形菌。但是，由于方法学上较大的异质性以及不同研究结果之间的相互矛盾，我们无法汇集结果进行meta分析。
结论：目前对ASD患儿胃肠道微生物的研究数量和质量都非常有限。然而，的确有一个“信号”表明ASD患儿的胃肠道微生物和没有ASD的儿童是有显著差异的，因此，继续开展此方面的研究是非常有价值的。为了提高研究的效度，减少研究结果的异质性，将来的研究需要增大样本，标准化方法以及评估相关混杂因素，例如胃肠道症状的严重程度，以及药物，特殊饮食和添加剂的使用情况。 -
计算机在数据管理和统计分析上的应用
伴随着科技领域的迅速发展,对计算机应用的范围也与日剧增,计算机已广泛应用于医学领域,它为大量的资料信息存贮、复杂的统计整理与计算分析等提供了极大的方便,它以高速、准确、灵活方便的运算,在数据管理和统计分析中显示出了广阔的应用前景.本文拟对计算机在医学领域中应用SPSS/PC+软件对各种资料的管理及统计分析作一详述.
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惊恐障碍诊断延迟的相关因素分析
本文作者近期研究资料提示，惊恐障碍患者平均的诊断延迟时间为25.36±41.29月，其中男性的平均诊断延迟时间为20.80±26.20个月，女性为16.90±19.50个月［1］。而Moreau等综合报道惊恐障碍患者的平均诊断延迟时间为12.7年［2］。可见惊恐障碍患者常不能早期确诊，延误治疗且造成医疗卫生资源极大的浪费。本文的目的就是对与惊恐障碍诊断延迟有关的因素进行分析。
