Objective:To observe the morphological index related to the tabular and fibular in adults and to provide anatomy references to the fracture fixation and autologous bone graft. Methods: The tibia and fibula of 52 adults (52 left sides and 48 right side) were measured morphologically. Results: The length of the tibia was (35. 7±1. 77)cm, the distance from the nutrient foremen to the point of interiorankle was (23. 8±1. 46)cm, the length width and depth of fibula notch were (2. 6±0. 59)cm, (2. 7±0. 63)cm and (0. 6±0. 22)cm respectively, the area of interior ankle articular surface in trbia was (2. 5±1. 56)cm2 and the area of lower articular surface was (8. 6±1. 02)cm2. The length of the fibula was (35. 2±1. 72) cm, the distance from the nutrient foremen to exteri-or ankle point was(19. 3±2. 04)cm, the length width and depth of lateral malleolus sulcus were (2. 6±0. 59)cm, (2. 7±0. 63)cm and (0. 6±0. 22)cm respectively, the area of head of fibula articular surface was(1. 4±0. 51)cm2 and the area of ankle articular surface was (3. 7±0. 41)cm2. The difference in height between medial malleolus and lateral malleolus was(1. 88±0. 42)cm. Conclusions:Morphology of the trbia and fibula should be taken into consideration when selecting fixation method and set, grafting autologous bone and rebuilding the bone and joint.

Objective　To evaluate the changes in near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) absorptive properties induced by cerebral ischemia.Methods　A dual wavelength (760?nm and 850?nm) NIRS system measuring total hemoglobin concentration changes was constructed. Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were used to set up middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model that had a stable ischemia focus on the cortex. We used NIRS to localize the ischemia focus that was confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and triphenyltetrazonlium chloride brain staining. The cortical ischemia area and the geometric configuration of the NIRS topograms were compared with those from MRI and the anatomical samples for the same rat.Results　The reconstructed NIRS topograms showed that there was an optical density decreased area on the left cortex of the rats with MCAO model. The mean ischemia area as shown in NIRS images was 19.50?mm2 (19.50±0.35?mm2, n=20). Anatomical samples showed that the mean ischemic area located in the NIRS measurement area was 18.46?mm2　 (18.46±0.38?mm2, n=20). For MRI, the mean ischemia area located in the NIRS measurement area was 20.71?mm2 　(20.71±0.27?mm2, n=20). There were no significant differences among NIRS, MRI and anatomical samples (F(2,57)=2.47, P>0.05) for defining the ischemia area. The results showed that there was a significant correlation among NIRS, MRI (r=0.782, P<0.05) and anatomical sample (r=0.851, P<0.05) for the same cortical ischemia area. Meanwhile, the location and geometric configuration of the ischemia focus shown by NIRS were identified by MRI and anatomical samples, though the NIRS images had worse spatial resolution.Conclusions　NIRS showed a good agreement with MRI and anatomical samples in the ischemic area and location determination of the infarction focus for the rat MCAO model. The study suggests that NIRS can non-invasively trace cortical hemodynamic changes induced by ischemia in real time.