The brain is highly plastic after stroke or epilepsy;however, there is a paucity of brain plasticity investigation after traumatic brain injury (TBI). This mini review summarizes the most recent evidence of brain plasticity in human TBI patients from the perspective of advanced magnetic resonance imaging. Similar to other forms of acquired brain injury, TBI patients also demonstrat-ed both structural reorganization as well as functional compensation by the recruitment of other brain regions. However, the large scale brain network alterations after TBI are still unknown, and the ifeld is still short of proper means on how to guide the choice of TBI rehabilitation or treat-ment plan to promote brain plasticity. The authors also point out the new direction of brain plas-ticity investigation.

Feedback and neuroplasticity rehabilitation for brain damage

Neuroplasticity,also known as brain plasticity,refers to the brain tissue's ability to be repaired to reorganized and to create new connections among the nerve cells.It implies that the location of a given function in the brain (for example,certain area in the motor cortex) can displace to another area of the cortex.This transfer ability can be accomplished by sensory motor feedback training.In the case of cerebral palsy (CP) and stroke,neuroplasticity relates to unaffected nerve cells and new synaptogenesis process taking over the functions of damaged nerve cells and their connections.The aim of this overview is to explain how does neuroplasticity work and how intensive sensory motor feedback training can reorganize nerve cells.Although neurorehabilitation offers a series of therapies from the psychological to occupational,speech,teaching or re-training patients on mobility skills,this overview focuses on physical rehabilitation using a comprehensive feedback system to accelerate brain recovery.