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ObjectiveTo investigate thecorrelation betweenregulatory T(Treg) cellsand postmenopausal osteoporosis andthe antiosteoporotic effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25(OH)2D3] in relation to Treg cells. MethodsFifty femaleBALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: the basal control (BAS), Sham,ovariectomy (OVX),OVX+diethylstilbestrol (OVX+DES), andOVX+1,25(OH)2D3.Tibias were harvested andprocessed with decalcification for quantitative bone histomorphometry.Femurs were stained by immunohistochemistry to detectFoxp3 protein expression.Spleens wereused to detect Treg andFoxp3 gene expressionby flow cytometry andquantitative RT-PCR, respectively. ResultsIn comparison withthe Sham group,a significant decrease was found inthe OVX group in such indices as trabecular bone volume/total tissue area (BV/TV), trabecularnumber (Tb.N) and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th).1,25(OH)2D3andDESpartlyprevented the decrease in BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th inOVX mice.Treg cell number, Foxp3 mRNA expression in spleen andFoxp3 protein expression in femur significantly decreasedinthe OVX-treated group compared withthose in thesham group.1,25(OH)2D3 andDES significantlyincreased Treg cell number andFoxp3 expression.Treg cellsand Foxp3 gene expression were related to bonehistomorphometricparameters. ConclusionThedecrease inTreg cell numbersis relevant to the postmenopausal osteoporosis. The antiosteoporosis of1,25(OH)2D3 is related to regulatory T cells.
