The waltzing guinea pig may be a good model to investigate if genetic factor can change the sensitivity in noise-induced hearing loss. A total of 34 waltzig guinea pigs were studied and we found that there is no any significant increased sensitivity to noise trauma if the age-induced hearing loss was considered in waltz-ing guinea pig.

Early neonatal sepsis at tertiary care teaching hospital

Objective:To study organisms in cases of early neonatal sepsis, and sensitivity patterns of these isolates. Methods: All pregnant mothers admitted from Jan 2006-Dec 2006 were registered. Neonates delivered at the hospital were examined upto 72 hours of birth, with special emphasis on the signs and symp-toms of suspected sepsis. Neonates with no maternal or neonatal risk factor were included in the study, blood examination and appropriate cultures were taken. Antibiotics as cephatexime and amikacin were started on em-pirical bases until final cultures report was received. In cases of negative cultures, antibiotics were stopped. Other wise it continued according to culture and sensitivity for 10 to 14 days. Results: Among these 257 ca-ses, 113 neonates full filled our criteria. Staph aureus being the commonest organism in our study (59.29%) followed by KlebsieUa pneumoniae (19.47%) and Entrococci (19.47%). These findings are not consistent with other studies in the country. Conclusion: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Choice of antibiotic should depend on the local studies from time to time.

Objective To study the changes of baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) during head -up tilt test (HUT) in patients with vasovagal syncope (VS),and to examine the relationship between baroreflex sensitivity and neurohormonal factors. Furthermore, to investigate the effects of the changes of BRS on VS.Methods Forty- two patients with unexplained syncope (Among the 42 patients, there were 22 patients with positive HUT and 20 patients with negative HUT respectively) and 20 healthy volunteers (with negative HUT) underwent passive head-up tilt testing, Antecubital vein blood samples were taken before and after HUT, or at syncope. The fasting plasma endothelin ,serum nitric oxide (NO), serum NE were measured. The BRS was assessed on the basis of the linear regression slope the RR interval versus systolic arterial blood pressure during the increment in blood pressure after intravenous administration of phenylephrine. Results ( 1 )During the syncope, the BRS significantly reduced in HUT( + ) group than baseline. At the end of tilt, the level of plasma ET, serum NO in patients with positive HUT significantly increased compared with baseline or normal controls, and the plasma concentration of NE also had the trend of increase. ( 2 ) By multiple regression analysis, a significant negative correlation was found between baroreceptor sensitivity and the plasma ET, NO at the end of HUT in patients with positive HUT, but there was no relationship between BRS and NE. Conclusions During the syncope occure, the BRS in patients with VS decreased significantly compared with normal controls. The abnormal plasma ET, NO concentration might contribute to the mechanism of VS.