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液体与粉剂肠内营养制剂在配制时间与污染方面的对比研究
目的比较液体与粉剂肠内营养制剂在配制时间与污染情况的差异.方法肠内营养支持患者20例.随机分为两组:一组病人使用液体肠内营养制剂为研究组,另一组病人使用已上市的粉剂肠内营养制剂为对照组,每组各10例.分别按计划给病人进行6天以上的肠内营养支持,观察两种肠内营养制剂配制的时间和输注前后细菌培养的情况.结果1.配制液体时间观察:研究组平均配液时间18.9±3.0s,对照组平均配液时间106.0±21.0s(P<0.001).2.细菌培养结果:两组营养液在输注前细菌培养均为阴性,在使用6小时后取残液培养,对照组阳性2例,占20%,而研究组仍为阴性,两组之间稍有差异(P=0.14),但无统计学意义.结论液体肠内营养制剂配制时间与污染较粉剂制剂为优.
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80例小儿气道异物支气管肺泡灌洗液细菌培养结果分析
我们对2003年4月-2004年2月收住院的80例气道异物患儿,在纤维支气管镜取异物后进行支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)细菌培养,现将结果报道如下.
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Background: To investigate the 1-time success rate of probing alone and nasolacrimal duct probing combined with nasolacrimal injection of levofloxacin ophthalmic gel on congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) in young children. Methods: A retrospective case series was performed on 494 cases (647 eyes) of 3–12 month-old children with CNLDO between July 2014 and July 2015. Material obtained from the lacrimal sac was cultured to isolate infectious agents. Susceptibility testing was done. Children from 3–12 months of age who were found to be sensitive to Levofloxacin (n=493 eyes) were separated into two groups: 3–6 months of age (276 eyes) and 7–12 months of age (217 eyes). Each of the groups were then randomized into group A (138 eyes of 3–6 months of age; 102 eyes of 7–12 months of age) and group B (138 eyes of 3–6 months of age; 115 eyes of 7–12 months of age). Children in group A underwent nasolacrimal duct probing alone; those in group B underwent nasolacrimal duct probing plus nasolacrimal duct injection of levofloxacin and the efficacy of probing was evaluated. Results: The average detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in dacryocystitis was 75.1%, andStaphylococcus aureuswas found to be the main pathogenic bacteria (42.59%, 106 cases). Among children from 7–12 months of age, the 1-time success rate of nasolacrimal duct probing alone was 88.24% and the 1-time success rate of probing combined with nasolacrimal duct injection of levolfoxacin ophthalmic gel was 96.52% (statistical signiifcance, P=0.02<0.05). Conclusions: Most pathogenic bacteria (96.81%) were sensitive to levofloxacin. Nasolacrimal duct probing combined with nasolacrimal duct injection of levolfoxacin may improve the success rate of probing in children older than 6 months of age.
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临床医生如何分析呼吸道标本细菌培养药敏结果
一、首先需判断报告微生物为致病微生物的可能性有多大[1~5]1.标本的来源:由于正常人口腔和鼻咽部存在微生物菌群,肺炎链球菌、卡他莫拉菌、嗜血杆菌属、葡萄球菌属、大肠埃希菌、念珠菌等可以是上呼吸道定植菌,也可以是下呼吸道的致病菌,因此经口咳出的痰标本存在被口腔污染的问题,要正确区分定植菌和污染菌是困难的.