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透明隔腔的产前超声研究进展
透明隔腔(cavum septum pellucidum,CSP)是标志胎儿中枢神经系统正常发育的一个重要指标[1].美国超声医学会(American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine,AIUM)新指南[2]规定,胎儿中枢神经系统(centralnervous system,CNS)扫查时需对小脑、脉络膜丛、小脑延髓池、侧脑室、大脑镰及透明隔腔等颅内结构进行扫查,并将透明隔腔扫查纳入胎儿中枢神经系统必须检查的项目之一.随着超声仪器分辨率的不断提高及超声工作者扫查经验的不断丰富,超声医师正逐渐将透明隔腔扫查列为常规扫查项目.目前已有不少关于产前超声扫查透明隔腔的文献报道,但内容不够全面,在此将从透明隔腔的胚胎发育特点、正常结构、异常类型(透明隔腔缺如、透明隔腔增大、先天性透明隔移位)特征及透明隔腔缺如相关畸形超声声像图特征、超声扫查技巧等进行阐述.
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产前超声检查与磁共振成像在胎儿透明隔腔异常诊断中的对比分析
胎儿透明隔腔(cavum septum pellucidum,CSP)是产前影像学检查观察的重要结构之一,CSP异常提示胎儿可能存在中枢神经系统异常.本研究选择2011年10月1日至2012年9月30日于本院行产前超声检查与磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)的28例疑似CSP异常胎儿为研究对象,探讨2种产前检查方法对CSP异常的诊断价值.现将研究结果,报道如下.
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透明隔异常CT诊断的临床意义
AIM:Abnormal transparent septum is common in clinical works but little in meaning,so some CT reports are not listed.We collected complete abnormal transparent septum cases to perform comparison analysis between CT diagnosis and clinical data.METHODS:109 abnormal transparent septum diagnosed by CT was compared with symptom of clinics.Axis scanning and no enhanced scanning were used in CT and 2 doctors in charge of sample collection.The 109 cases were excluded with abnormal transparent septum induced by secondary local cerebral atrophy and secondary perforation deformity.RESULTS:There were 15 cases with the fifth ventricle of cerebrum and 22 cases with the fifth and sixth ventricle of cerebrums,10 cases with transparent septum cyst,28 cases with translocation of transparent septum,8 cases with no crack in the forebrain,6 cases with poor development of keratoma and 20 cases of other deformity.CONCLUSION:Abnormal transparent septum cannot be omitted and should be clearly diagnosed by CT.
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儿童第五、六脑室的临床意义
第五、六脑室分别为透明隔腔( cavum septum pellucidum, CSP)和韦尔加氏腔( cavum vergae, CV),以往认为第五、六脑室的存在属于正常变异,而非病理状态.近年来发现临床上部分患儿的头痛、癫、语言及精神障碍等与之有关,现将我们诊治的 20例患儿分析如下.
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透明隔区病变的影像诊断
透明隔(septum pellucidum,SP)是位于脑中线前部的垂直薄膜结构,其前方是胼胝体嘴部、膝部,正上方是胼胝体体部,后方是胼胝体压部,下方是穹窿[1]。透明隔功能目前尚未完全明确,或与边缘系统有一定的联系。透明隔区病变发病率虽低,但病变种类繁多,可分为透明隔发育异常、感染性病变、肿瘤样病变及透明隔区肿瘤等(表1)。
