不同亚型α干扰素抗病毒作用研究进展

I 型干扰素（ IFN）是病毒感染后宿主体内产生的一类多功能细胞因子，它们属于多基因家族，到目前为止，已发现7种I型IFN 即IFN-α、β、ε、κ、ω、δ、τ，具体的分型原因不清楚，推测可能是各型IFN性能不同或者各型IFN产生的时间顺序和细胞种类不同。 IFN-α因具有多种生物学效应而被广泛应用，医学上常用外源性IFN-α进行抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗增殖等治疗，其中尤以抗病毒治疗为重要。 IFN-α包括多种亚型，文献报道各种亚型的抗病毒作用具有亚型和病毒特异性，但是其详细机制尚未完全明了。本文仅就不同亚型IFN-α抗病毒作用的研究现状进行综述。

Mechano- Chemical Coupling at Molecular Level: Forced Dissociation of Selectin/Ligand Binding

Mechano - chemical coupling is a common phenomenon that exists in various biological processes at different physiological levels. Bone tissue remodeling strongly depends on the local mechanical load. Leukocytes are sheared to form the transient aggregates with platelets or other leukocytes in the circulation. Flow pattern affects the signal transduction pathways in endothelial cells. Receptor/ligand interactions are important to cell adhesion since they supply the physical linkages among cells. How external forces influence the biological function has little been known, and nowadays attract more and more attentions. Here the forced dissociation of selectin/ligand binding is used to test mechano - chemical coupling at molecular level.

Objective:To establish a positive feedback circuit triggered by Reg4 and investigates its signiifcance in peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer.Methods: Reg4 expression was detected in gastric cancer samples by immunohistochemistry staining. Reg4 overexpressed and knocked down cells were used to investigate its biological function. Activation of EGFR pathway and promotion of Reg4 were evaluated upon EGFR ligand stimulation. Mass spectrometry was performed to identify Reg4 receptor. ADAM phosphorylation and EGFR ligand shedding was detected after upstream manipulation. Possible downstream effectors were investigated by PCR array.Results:Expression of Reg4 was higher in gastric cancer tissues. Reg4 enhanced prometastatic abilities of gastric cancer cells. EGFR ligand was able to induce Reg4 expression through sequential EGFR pathway activation. Reg4 receptor was identified by mass spectrometry. ADAM phosphorylation and EGFR ligand shedding were enhanced after Reg4 overexpression. PCR array showed several promising downstream effectors.Conclusion:Reg4 is able to trigger a positive feedback regulatory circuit that promotes peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer.

AIM:Aquaporins (AQP) are very important for the water transport across cell membrane. There are at least 10 mammalian AQPs( aquaporins 0-9) distributed in various organs and different kinds of cells. Each AQP has a distinct organ distribution, and this distribution could be useful in presuming the biological function of the aquaporin. The aim of this study was to figure out the distribution of aquaporin 7 (AQP7) and aquaporin 8(AQP8).METHODS：Semi-quantified RT-PCR was employed in this research. The ratio of OD value of target gene products divided by which of control gene products was calculated. Among 35 organs, testis, epididymis, skin, muscle, rectum, lung, bronchus, lymph node, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, spleen, mammary gland, uterus, placenta, tonsil, urinary bladder, thyroid came from normal area of removed samples during operation. cDNA library of Prostate, thymus, salivary gland, penis, carotiol artery, adrenal gland, occipital lobe of brain, temporal lobe of brain, frontal lobe of brain, parietal lobe of brain, mid brain, choroid plexus are purchased from OriGene biotechnique company.RESULTS：①AQP 7 mRNA was found in testis, muscle, gall bladder, carotiol artery, lymph node and adrenal gland, and maximum expression of AQP 7 was in testis.②AQP 8 mRNA was found in pancreas, testis, skin and colon. and maximum expression of AQP 8 was in pancreas.CONCLUSION:Coexistence of AQP 7 and 8 in testis was confirmed, which suggested that both of these two aquaporins were involved in the regulation of testis function.

Plasmin/plasminogen activators (PA) are the serine enzyme which digests fibrin and/or fibrinogen. Plasmin is produced by the cleavage of its precursor, plasminogen by PAs (urokinase-type PA and tissue-type PA). These events are expected in the thrmbolytic therapy for thromboembolic deseases. Apart from the blood fibrinolysis mentioned above, new role of plasmin/plasminogen activators has been extensively investigated in the field of cellular biology. On the cell surface, the receptor for urokinase-type PA (u-PAR) was found (that for t-PA has not cloned yet). Then, plasmin as well as u-PA itself activates pro-form of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) around the pericellular space. These proteolytic activities by u-PA, plasmin and MMPs induce the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM), affording the cells certain enviroment for their biological function. Further, the coupling of u-PA/u-PAR system and integrins can generate intracellular signal transductions which take part in the regulation of cell proliferation, attachment or migration followed by various physiological and pathophysiological functions. These serial mechanisms are the principle of pericellular proteolytic cascade.

肺癌中EML4-ALK融合基因的存在状态及生物学功能

肺癌是当前世界上常见的恶性肿瘤,主要包括小细胞肺癌( small cell lung cancer,SCLC)和非小细胞肺癌( non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)两类,而NSCLC约占肺癌总数的80％.尽管外科手术技术不断提高,化疗新药不断上市并进入临床应用,但肺癌患者的预后仍然很差,原因是大多数NSCLC患者确诊时已处于晚期,失去了手术治疗的机会.