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人体组成学:历史、现况和未来
人体组成学(human body composition studies)是人体生物学的分支之一,它主要研究人体内诸多组成成分之间的数量规律,体内外各种因素对组分间数量关系的影响,以及活体测定人体组分的方法[1].
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Abstract:Objective To establish an effective exercise prescription, the exercise capacity of obese subjects was investigated.Methods In 71 male obese (body mass index: BMI≥26.4) Japanese, aged 26-77 years, the body composition and physical fitness such as aerobic exercise level, muscle strength and flexibility were determined and compared with those of age- and sex-matched 71 borderline (24.2≤BMI<26.4) and 71 normal Japanese men (19.8≤BMI<24.2). The relationship between body composition and other parameters was evaluated in obese subjects.Results In obese subjects, body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, waist hip ratio, and skinfold thickness were higher than those of borderline and normal subjects. Lower aerobic exercise level and weight bearing index (WBI) were noted in obese subjects. There was a negative correlation between waist hip ratio and aerobic exercise level (oxygen uptake at ventilatory threshold) (r=-0.509, P<0.01) and also between waist hip ratio and WBI (r=-0.315, P<0.01). Conclusions Lower physical fitness is considered to be a general characteristic of male obese Japanese, and the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue might affect exercise capacity.
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人体相关成分的改变对血液流变学指标的影响
随着社会物质生活水平的提高,饮食结构不合理,高脂肪、高蛋白饮食的摄入造成营养过剩,从而引起各种疾病,如心脑血管疾病、代谢综合征等,严重影响人们的健康和生活质量,成为社会的沉重负担.自2007年5月~2008年5月,我们使用人体成分分析仪测定人体成分,分析脂肪、蛋白质含量改变对血液流变学指标的影响,从宏观人体成分改变到对微观的血液流变学指标的影响进行研究,从而为临床提供参考.
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六月龄和十月龄雌性大鼠骨密度及体成分比较
目前已用DEXA直接测量小实验动物的骨密度、体重和体成分,其测量的精密度和准确度高[1,2].本研究旨在了解大鼠骨密度、体成分与月龄的关系,并探讨6月龄和10月龄大鼠骨密度、体重、体成分等的差异.