Arteriosclerosis is a major common vascular disorder of diabetes mellitus (DM), and as the life-span of DM patients prolonged, the incidence increased, arteriosclerotic coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular diseases have become the principal causes of death of DM. Therefore, improving the disturbance of glucose and lipid metabolism, and preventing chronic complication are the key links in the treatment of DM. The authors used Jiangtang capsule (降糖胶囊, JTC) in treating DM type 2. While treating hypoglycemia, promising effect in improving lipid metabolism disturbance is also obtained. It is reported as follows.

Insulin resistance (IR) refers to subnormal response to a certain amount of insulin and is the most characteristic phenomenon in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). It is also an element of the pathogenic mechanism shared with obesity, systemic hypertension, abnormal lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis. In recent years, studies on its treatment with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have gradually been carried out and the following is a report of them.Mechanisms of Diabetic IR in TCM TermsAction of insulin antagonizing hormones in peripheral tissues is one of the causes of diabetic IR. Cyclic nucleosides cAMP and cGMP, important intracellular messengers, are considered to be the second messenger of insulin, and cAMP is related to the amount of insulin receptors. Early in 1980s, some authors investigated the relationship among the symptoms of diabetes and such hormones and cAMP/cGMP ratio. Although they did not give due attention to IR, their studies provided evidences for differentiation of symptoms and signs in IR typing.

Objective To evaluate the association of known polymorphisms in the lipid metabolic pathway with body mass index (BMI), and estimate their interactions with soybean food intake.
Methods A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in a Chinese Han population. BMI, soybean food intake, and single nucleotide polymorphisms of rs599839, rs3846662, rs3846663, rs12916, rs174547, rs174570, rs4938303, and rs1558861 were measured in 944 subjects. A multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association of the studied polymorphisms with BMIs. The expectation-maximization algorithm was employed to evaluate the extent of linkage disequilibrium between pairwise polymorphisms. The gene-environment interaction was assessed in the general multifactor dimensionality reduction model.
Results The polymorphisms of rs3846662 and rs3846663 were associated with 10% highest BMIs when comparing to the 10% lowest values both in individuals and haplotype-based association tests. Although no statistically significant gene-environment interactions were found, people with the haplotype composed of C allele in rs3846662 and T allele in rs3846663 and low frequency of soybean intake had significantly higher risk to overweight and obesity as compared with those with the haplotype consisting of T allele in rs3846662 and C allele in rs3846663 and highly frequent soybean food intake, with an odds ratio of 1.64 (95%confidence interval: 1.15-2.34, P<0.01) after adjusting for the common confounders.
Conclusion Our study has suggested that rs3846662 and rs3846663 may be the potential candidate polymorphisms for obesity, and their effect on the pathogenesis could be mediated by the frequency of soybean food intake.

关注脂代谢紊乱对延缓慢性肾脏疾病进展有益

早在1860年人们就意识到脂代谢紊乱与肾组织病变有关.近20年来的动物研究进一步揭示了高脂血症对肾脏疾病进程的影响.纠正高脂血症可以改善肾小球硬化、肾小管纤维化的程度,即使血胆固醇正常的患者,为使高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein,HDL)代谢正常,预防性地使用调脂药物,可减慢慢性肾脏疾病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)发展速度.

4种非典型抗精神病药物对女性精神分裂症病人脂代谢的影响

女性精神分裂症病人患糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖、猝死等并发症的发生率较高.脂代谢异常可能是其主要原因,严重影响病人治疗的依从性.近年来,非典型抗精神病药物已在临床上广泛应用,但对其影响脂代谢异常的对照研究在国内少见报道.

脂代谢紊乱与基因多态性研究进展

人类进化过程中受环境、种族、性别等外部条件的影响,基因(或DNA分子)的碱基序列可发生突变,存在基因多态性,所表达产物结构功能和数量改变将影响相关物质的代谢.由于脂类代谢过程需多种蛋白质共同参与,协同作用.

Objective:To study the correlation of HIFs/PPAR signaling pathway activation degree and lipid metabolism in liver tissue of alcoholic fatty liver rat model.Methods:Adult SD rats were selected and alcoholic fatty liver rat models were established by alcohol administration and high-fat diet feeding. Liver tissue was collected and contents of HIF-1α, PPARγ and lipid metabolism-related enzymes were detected; serum was collected and contents of lipid metabolism indexes and liver cell damage indexes were detected.Results:(1) one week, two weeks, three weeks and four weeks after models were established, HIF-1αα in livers of the model group showed an increasing trend and PPARγ showed a decreasing trend; HIF-1α content was higher than that of the control group and PPARγ content was lower than that of the control group; (2) contents of apoCII, apoCIII,α-GST and GLDH in serum as well as levels of FAT, FABP1, FAS, ACC and ACAT-2 in liver tissue of the model group all significantly increased, and were positively correlated with HIF-1α and negatively correlated with PPARγ.Conclusion:Transcription factor HIF-1α content abnormally increases and PPARγ content abnormally decreases in liver tissue of alcoholic fatty liver rat models; it results in abnormal lipid metabolism and liver cell damage through increasing the expression of lipid metabolism-related enzymes in the liver.